European Union Citizenship and Its Avatars

As a supranational construct, European citizenship needed a period of conceptual adaptation and practical consolidation. This study explores how citizenship of the European Union has been approached from a political, legal, theoretical and social point of view during its three decades of existence. From a theoretical point of view, the post-national and neo-functionalist approach provides the conceptual tools necessary for a deeper understanding of both the role that the EU Court of Justice played in the consolidation of European citizenship, as well as the way in which the member states have readjusted their relationship with citizens. This study explains why citizenship is a gain of European integration. However, the European integration project remains reversible without a permanent strengthening of the relationship between the EU and European citizens. 

Cite this article 

Alexandrescu, M. (2023). European Union Citizenship and Its Avatars. In Alexandrescu, M. (ed.). Citizens of the European Union. Status, Identity and Beyond. Presa Universitară Clujeană. pp. 13-37.

How many types of peace are there?

Talk of "peace" has been around for millennia. People have always tried to find the formula for lasting peace. Every war (increasingly bloody and cruel) brought people to the same question: how can lasting peace be achieved? 

Tens of thousands of pages preserve in the world's libraries the thoughts and systems of thought of numerous philosophers who have endeavoured to find an answer to this eternal question. 

Political scientists have followed in these philosophers' footsteps for more than a century. They created theories designed to describe, explain, or even predict the behaviour of nations that lead to war.